What Happened With the Federal Reserve?

Every summary we've sent on the Federal Reserve since January 1, 2025, newest first, each linked to its source. Each brief goes up here 14 days after our readers get it by text the morning it happens. Get today's brief here.

The Latest on the Federal Reserve

Thursday, September 17, 2026

Full Brief
  1. 2

    Fed Reserve votes (12-0) to raise US benchmark interest rate (1st time in 3yrs) by 0.25 percentage points to 3.75%-4%, citing efforts to bring elevated inflation back to 2% target

Every Summary on the Federal Reserve

September 20261 Summary

  1. Thursday, September 17, 2026Full Brief
    1. 2

      Fed Reserve votes (12-0) to raise US benchmark interest rate (1st time in 3yrs) by 0.25 percentage points to 3.75%-4%, citing efforts to bring elevated inflation back to 2% target

August 20261 Summary

  1. Monday, August 3, 2026Full Brief
    1. 4

      Fed's preferred inflation gauge (Personal Consumption Expenditures price index) falls to 3.7% in Jun (vs 4.1% in May); Consumer spending rises +0.3% as personal income rises +0.2% & saving rate falls to 2.7% (vs 2.8% in May)

July 20262 Summaries

  1. Thursday, July 30, 2026Full Brief
    1. 4

      Fed Reserve holds key interest rate at 3.5%-3.75%, citing elevated inflation partly driven by energy supply shocks, with solid economic growth & little changed unemployment rate

  2. Friday, July 10, 2026Full Brief
    1. 5

      Fed Reserve: US consumer borrowing falls by $182M in May (1st monthly decline since Nov 2024); Credit card balances fall to $1.34T (-0.4% vs $1.35T in Apr)

June 20262 Summaries

  1. Tuesday, June 30, 2026Full Brief
    1. 1

      Supreme Court allows Trump to fire leaders of independent federal agencies without cause, citing Constitution's separation of powers; Exempts Fed Reserve, citing its independence & blocking Trump's removal of Fed Governor Lisa Cook over alleged mortgage fraud while legal challenge proceeds

  2. Thursday, June 18, 2026Full Brief
    1. 1

      Fed Reserve holds key interest rates at 3.5%-3.75% in unanimous vote (12-0) citing "solid economic growth & elevated inflation amid Middle East-driven energy supply shocks"

May 20262 Summaries

  1. Thursday, May 14, 2026Full Brief
    1. 2

      US Senate confirms (54-45) Trump pick Kevin Warsh as Fed Reserve chair ahead of Jerome Powell's term ending Fri; Warsh will begin 4yr term leading world's most powerful central bank amid rising inflation & pressure to lower interest rates

  2. Tuesday, May 12, 2026Full Brief
    1. 3

      US consumer confidence in insurance firms (record-low), Fed Reserve & commercial banks fall in 2026 with 55% "less confident" amid inflation concerns, rising insurance costs & Fed independence threats

April 20261 Summary

  1. Thursday, April 30, 2026Full Brief
    1. 1

      Fed Reserve holds key interest rates at 3.5%-3.75%, citing "solid economic activity, stable unemployment & elevated inflation amid Middle East-driven uncertainty"

March 20261 Summary

  1. Thursday, March 19, 2026Full Brief
    1. 1

      Fed Reserve holds key interest rates at 3.5%-3.75%, citing "solid economic growth, steady unemployment & elevated inflation amid elevated uncertain outlook"

January 20262 Summaries

  1. Thursday, January 29, 2026Full Brief
    1. 1

      Fed Reserve holds key interest rates at 3.5%-3.75%, citing "solid economic activity, low job gains, stabilizing unemployment & inflation that remains above target amid elevated uncertainty"

  2. Tuesday, January 13, 2026Full Brief
    1. 1

      DOJ opens criminal investigation into Fed Reserve; Chair Powell condemns "unprecedented" action & warns Fed independence is threatened by Trump admin pressure

December 20252 Summaries

  1. Tuesday, December 23, 2025Full Brief
    1. 2

      Gold hits record high above $4.4K/oz (+68% year-over-year) as investors seek "safe-haven" assets that hold value amid global turmoil, weak dollar & Fed rate cut bets in 2026

  2. Thursday, December 11, 2025Full Brief
    1. 1

      Fed Reserve cuts key interest rates by 0.25% to 3.5-3.75% (3rd cut in 2025) citing balanced risks with moderating inflation, slowed job gains & rising unemployment

November 20251 Summary

  1. Tuesday, November 11, 2025Full Brief
    1. 5

      Trump pardons 77 people accused of 2020 election-related offenses (federal crimes only, not state charges), including former lawyer Rudy Giuliani, ex-chief of staff Mark Meadows & attorney Sidney Powell

October 20253 Summaries

  1. Thursday, October 30, 2025Full Brief
    1. 1

      Fed Reserve cuts key interest rates by quarter-point to 3.75-4% (2nd cut this year) citing slowed job gains & rising employment risks; Chair Powell warns future cuts not guaranteed amid government shutdown blocking economic data

  2. Thursday, October 9, 2025Full Brief
    1. 3

      Gold tops $4K/oz for 1st time as investors seek "safe-haven" assets that hold value amid global turmoil, weak dollar & Fed rate cut bets, lifting prices +50% this year

  3. Thursday, October 2, 2025Full Brief
    1. 4

      Supreme Court temporarily allows Fed Governor Cook to stay on board, rejecting Trump's bid to remove her; Unprecedented case on presidential power to fire Fed governors set for Jan hearing

September 20253 Summaries

  1. Thursday, September 18, 2025Full Brief
    1. 1

      Fed Reserve cuts key interest rates by quarter-point to 4.1% (1st cut this year) as weakening labor market outweighs inflation concerns

  2. Thursday, September 11, 2025Full Brief
    1. 4

      Federal judge temporarily blocks Trump from firing Fed Governor Cook over alleged past mortgage fraud; Ruling keeps her in office as case proceeds, testing central bank independence

  3. Wednesday, September 3, 2025Full Brief
    1. 3

      Gold hits all-time high above $3.5K/oz, rising on Fed cut bets, central bank buying & dollar weakness

August 20252 Summaries

  1. Wednesday, August 27, 2025Full Brief
    1. 1

      Trump moves to fire Fed Reserve Governor Lisa Cook (1st Black woman on board) over alleged mortgage fraud; Cook denies claims, refuses to resign & vows to sue as politically independent Fed says removal requires court ruling

  2. Thursday, August 7, 2025Full Brief
    1. 2

      NY Fed Reserve: US credit card debt reaches $1.2T, matching last year's all-time high, as consumers continue spending despite elevated prices

July 20251 Summary

  1. Thursday, July 31, 2025Full Brief
    1. 3

      Fed Reserve holds interest rates steady (4.25-4.5% target range) despite 2 Trump-appointed governors dissenting in favor of 0.25% cuts (largest Board dissent in 32yrs) consistent with Trump's ongoing pressure on Chair Powell

June 20252 Summaries

  1. Thursday, June 19, 2025Full Brief
    1. 7

      Fed Reserve holds interest rates steady (4.25-4.5%) to wait before corrective action; Chair Powell "beginning to see effects of tariffs" on inflation

  2. Monday, June 2, 2025Full Brief
    1. 3

      Fed's preferred Personal Consumption Expenditures index shows Apr inflation rising 0.1% monthly & 2.1% annually, below expectations

May 20251 Summary

  1. Thursday, May 8, 2025Full Brief
    1. 5

      Fed Reserve holds interest rates steady (4.25-4.5% target range) in dual concern of inflation & slowing economic growth arising from trade war; Despite Fed independence, Trump repeatedly called for lower interest rates

April 20252 Summaries

  1. Wednesday, April 23, 2025Full Brief
    1. 5

      US stocks rise Wed morning (S&P +2.5%) as Trump claims "no intention" to fire Fed Reserve Chair Powell after days of calling for his removal

  2. Tuesday, April 22, 2025Full Brief
    1. 4

      US dollar weakens & markets fall on Mon (-2.5% across Dow, Nasdaq Comp, S&P 500) in response to Trump's calls for Fed Reserve Chair Powell's resignation over him not lowering interest rates; Fed is legally autonomous

March 20252 Summaries

  1. Monday, March 31, 2025Full Brief
    1. 5

      Fed's preferred inflation gauge (core PCE price index) rises 2.8% in Feb vs last year, above 2.7% expectations

  2. Thursday, March 20, 2025Full Brief
    1. 2

      Fed Reserve keeps interest rate range at current 4.25-4.5% yet signals 2 possible 2025 cuts, citing "economic uncertainty"; Annual economic growth forecast lowered to 1.7% (vs 2.1%) & inflation raised to 2.8% (vs 2.5%)

January 20251 Summary

  1. Thursday, January 30, 2025Full Brief
    1. 5

      Federal Reserve holds interest rates unchanged in 4.25-4.5% target range, following 3 consecutive cuts since Sep 2024

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